The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale free essay sample

This paper will cover the verifiable hugeness of the Stanford-Binet insight scale. This scale was initially called the Binet-Simon scale. Albert Binet and Theodore Simon together made this scale. This scale was initially made for kids. Insight testing got noteworthy in the 21st century as it empowered for the most part schools to search out kids who need scholastic assistance. Be that as it may, this test was made a stride further in the 21st century by significant enterprises who utilize the Stanford-Binet knowledge scale as a significant apparatus during the recruiting procedure and to decide a person’s IQ. Recorded Significance The field of brain science owes the† thought of knowledge to the French clinician Alfred Binet, who built up the Binet Simon scale along with his understudy Theodore Simon in 1904† (Rosati, 2004). Albert Binet and Theodore Simon accepted â€Å"that in knowledge there is a basic personnel, the change or the absence of which, is absolutely critical for down to earth life. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This staff is judgment, in any case called great sense, handy sense, activity, the workforce of adjusting ones self to conditions. An individual might be a numbskull or a nitwit on the off chance that he is deficient in judgment; however with practical insight he can never be either. To be sure the remainder of the scholarly resources appear of little significance in examination with judgment. In any case, in 1916 the Binet-Simon insight test was re-named to the Stanford-Binet knowledge scale by Lewis Terman (Becker, 2003). History of Stanford-Binet In 1891, Binet started working at the Sorbonnes Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and was designated its Director in 1894. Theodore Simon applied to do doctoral exploration under Binets watch (Plucker, 2012) According to Plucker, (2012) Binet and Simon made a scale that contained an assortment of assignments the two men thought would delegate a child’s capacities at different ages. This scale depended on numerous long periods of watching youngsters in their regular settings. This scale comprised of thirty undertakings every one more entangled than the errand previously. As indicated by Plucker (2012) Binet and Simon accepted that the most effortless errands could be cultivated by all kids, even the individuals who were seriously hindered. â€Å"Some of the easiest test things surveyed whether a youngster could follow a lit match with his eyes or warmly greet the inspector. Somewhat harder errands expected kids to highlight different named body parts, rehash back a progression of 3 digits, rehash straightforward sentences, and to characterize words like house, fork or mother. Progressively troublesome test things expected kids to express the contrast between sets of things, recreate drawings from memory or to develop sentences from three given words, for example, Paris, waterway and fortune. The hardest test things included requesting that kids rehash back 7 irregular digits, discover three rhymes for the French word respect and to answer convoluted questions† (Plucker, 2012, p 2). Noteworthiness in the 21st Century One of the principle criticalness to the Stanford-Binet knowledge scale is its capacity to quantify a person’s IQ. Concurring Kreger, (2012), â€Å"up until 1986 the Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale and every one of the five releases remained the trial of decision in distinguishing talented youngsters. As indicated by Kreger (2012) in 1989 Kathi Kearney composed that â€Å"it is her conviction that the Stanford-Binet insight scale ought to be given as a valuable test† (p3). As per Link (2002) â€Å"The Stanford-Binet IQ test is just drawing on these equivalent material intellectual methods and partner ones capacity to utilize them with the term knowledge, permitting the social order that was the reason for the test to be made by the capacity to think scientifically† The Effects on Psychology The Stanford-Binet Intelligence scale has assumed an immense job in the field of brain research. Today, there are a wide range of classes of brain research. Nonetheless, the Stanford-Binet scale fits best in the fields of youngster brain science, and modern and authoritative brain research (IO). As clarified over this scale is based chiefly around the capacity to decide skilled kids. Many talented youngsters are utilized as exploration subjects in brain science to help helper analysts in the progression of knowledge. School therapists particularly utilize the Stanford-Binet to decide situation of a kid dependent on their knowledge. Numerous huge partnerships hold the administrations of IO psychologist’s to guarantee that workers can work and grasp their activity obligations and duties. End This paper secured a significant piece of mental testing; the Stanford-Binet knowledge scale. This scale was initially called the Binet-Simon scale yet was re-named in 1916 by Lewis Terman. This test is rotated around a person’s age and what is accepted to be the typical scope of IQ at that specific time. The importance of the Stanford-Binet spins basically around therapists having the option to perceive a â€Å"gifted child†. In any case, there are numerous manners by which this scale can be utilized. Bosses of significant companies can likewise utilize this test to guarantee the knowledge and respectability of its workers. Therapists in pretty much every field utilize the Stanford-Binet scale; anyway it is generally predominant in kid and IO brain research.

Value Chain Management Essay Example for Free

Worth Chain Management Essay Clarify how tasks system is impacted by client and business imminent and where in a standard worth chain you would hope to see your picked theme tended to. Presentation Each organization’s tasks methodologies are worried about completing things; ie delivering stock for clients. In any case, a great many people accept that activities the board is just worried about present moment, everyday issues. Generally, all business associations are worried about how their business will endure and thrive in future. In contemporary terms, most business techniques are perceived with an arrangement as a component of or a lot of goals that will set theirr long haul bearings of their activities that are expected to guarantee future hierarchical achievement. Along these lines, regardless of how solid their arrangement is or how respectable their goals, are, any organisation’s technique can just turn into a significant reality, by and by, if it’s operationally prompted. Each organisation’s tasks are similarly significant in light of the fact that most hierarchical action contains the everyday exercises inside the activities work. It’s the procedure of day by day activities of tasks, when considered in their totality that comprise the organisation’s long haul vital bearing. The connection between an organisation’s procedure and the tasks included is a key determinant of its capacity to make long haul progress or even endurance. Hierarchical improvement is just prone to result if transient tasks exercises are steady with long haul techniques and subsequently, make a commitment to upper hand. The connection between corporate activities and the different business capacities is also significant. The target of the tasks work is to create merchandise and enterprises required by clients while overseeing assets effectively. This would then be able to prompt clashes inside an association. Clashes among tasks and selling capacities are probably going to focus on the promoting perspective to guarantee that activities focus on fulfilling clients. While this may appear to be suffering, promoting will for the most part need activities to suit client needs under regular conditions. In this manner, this is probably going to prompt requests to produceâ bigger volumes, more assortments, better quality, a quicker reaction, etc, which are all liable to prompt less proficient activities. Clashes inside the tasks, the bookkeeping and money capacities, then again, are probably going to focus on the longing of bookkeeping and fund to need activities to oversee assets as effectively as could be expected under the circumstances. This will pull activities in precisely the other way of that ideal by promoting. Clashes inside activities and the human asset the board work are probably going to fixate on issues of enrollment, choice, preparing, the executives and the compensation of those utilized inside tasks. For instance, operational directors might need to shift association wide strategies so as to address nearby issues; a move liable to be opposed by human asset supervisors. The tasks work lies at the core of any association and communicates with the various capacities. All things considered, accomplishing understanding about what choice zones exist in the transmit of activities, and what ought to be the premise of dynamic inside tasks is a fundamental piece of guaranteeing the consistency of activity after some time essential for a fruitful hierarchical technique. Tasks STRATEGY My presentation towards operational vital purposes has featured the vital significance of activities to hierarchical execution. The significance of operational procedure is basic to an association as this will decide the degree to which its business technique can be actualized, yet in addition as its activities can be a wellspring of upper hand inside any organizations esteem chain. First I will layout what precisely is implied by the term tasks system. Slack et al, contends that a tasks methodology concerns the example of key choices and activities which set the job, targets and exercises of activities. His utilization of this term ‘pattern’ infers a consistency in vital choices and activities after some time. This idea is reliable with a scholar master, Henry Mintzberg’s perspective on technique similar to a ‘pattern in a flood of actions’ (Mintzberg and Waters, 1985). Henry Mintzberg, sees system as being acknowledged through a mix of conscious and rising activities. An association can have a planned system, maybe as a lot of key plans. In any case, just someâ of his expected procedure might be acknowledged through intentional methodology. A portion of the aims might be hidden. Methodologies which take no respect of operational achievability are bound to have low promoting possibilities, remaining just as a lot of aims. Procedures may likewise rise up out of activities taken inside the associations capacities, which after some time structure a reliable example. Activities of this sort will, definitely, emerge from inside the tasks of the association. In this way, regardless of whether deliberately arranged or something else, the business activities will undoubtedly majorly affect the development of authoritative system. It’s regularly said that system is an issue which is some way or another different from everyday hierarchical exercises. Whenever taken to boundaries, this can bring about techniques being viewed as a cerebral movement performed by superior’s who should be expelled from everyday operational weights. Scholars, for example, Mintzberg is among the individuals who point out to the perils of administrators getting separated from the nuts and bolts of the venture. Mintzberg and Quinn (1991) consider this the ‘don’t bore me with the working subtleties; I’m here to handle the enormous issues’ disorder. They alert that, ‘the enormous issues are established in little details’. Operational methodology, the procedures and substance: A. Operational methodology forms: How an association begins creating suitable activity techniques and B. Operational procedure content: What the key choice zones are and what should be tended to in building up any operational methodology. Tasks STRATEGY PROCESS As examined above, operational techniques have a vertical relationship in the corporate chain of command inside business and corporate methodologies, and on a level plane with the other practical procedures, for the most part perceived inside showcasing systems. Activities technique may come to fruition in a top-down or a base up process with respect to business and corporate methodologies. Correspondingly, a tasks methodology may be created in light of market prerequisites (for example advertise drove) or be founded on the abilities of its operational assets (for example activities drove). As this offers ascend to fourâ perspectives on activity system (Slack and Lewis, 2002). Every point of view puts an alternate accentuation on the idea of the tasks system process. Top-down The top down point of view is the tasks technique which it involves, and is steady of the organisation’s business purposes; an activities system that the association uses to understand its business methodology inside any worth chain. This idea follows in accordance with the point of view of the Hayes and Wheelwright stage 3 hierarchical technique process. As per this hypothesis, the way toward building up an activities methodology would follow Skinner’s approach of distinguishing an operation’s ‘task’ (Skinner, 1969). The errand for activities would be resolved legitimately from the business technique. Utilizing Slack et al.’s, five activities execution destinations hypothesis, as one method of articulating the tasks task. For instance, on the off chance that the organisation’s business system includes the contribution of low evaluating, at that point the operation’s assignment ought to be one of accomplishing low expenses in act ivities. On the off chance that the business technique depends on offering clients quick conveyance, at that point the activities undertaking ought to be one of accomplishing speed in tasks, etc. In a multi-business association, the top-down point of view underscores tasks procedure being connected to corporate methodology by means of the business technique of every specialty unit. This at that point brings up the issue of whether it is conceivable to talk of ‘corporate’ activities procedure. In the event that corporate activities system implies shared trait, in all parts of tasks, at that point this would possibly be conceivable if every specialty unit has comparable business techniques and comparative activities undertakings. (Johnson and Scholes, 1999) However, a few scholars, for example, Hayes et al would contend that any corporate operational system doesn't imply that each feature of tasks must be the equivalent in every specialty unit. Or maybe, tasks choices are considered massively at the corporate level with the end goal of meeting corporate vital targets. An inability to do this implies activities choices are taken uniquely at the degree of the specialty unit, with the end goal of addressing needs of that specialty unit. The risks of doing this have been called attention to by hypotheses, who alert against letting the requirements of the specialty unit overwhelm key reasoning. This can prompt operational abilities being confinedâ within singular specialty units, subsequently limiting their future turn of events, which incorporates forestalling their spread to different specialty units and restricting open doors for synergistic advancements over the organization. This can be especially significant in multi-site, global ventures. ( Prahlad and Hamel, 1990) Base up The base up point of view is one which considers the to be system as a component rising through a progression of moves and choices made after some time inside tasks. These activities or choices may from the outset appear to have all the earmarks of being to some degree dangerous as tasks mama

Internet Addiction in Modern Society

Today, the web has become the greatest wellspring of data in the entire world gratitude to the propelling innovation (Green 52). Any sort of data concerning anything in this world can be found there. Hence, numerous individuals have tried to improve their insight, aptitudes, and capacities about the web so as to be in a superior situation to profit by it. Thus, the world has since become simply like a little worldwide town whereby individuals can impart from any edge of the world in a moment or two. Promoting We will compose a custom report test on Internet Addiction in Modern Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More People have likewise had the option to gain training without stepping in an auditorium (Tomei 71). It is not, at this point when understudies needed to head out starting with one mainland then onto the next looking for the best establishments of higher learning. These foundations have been gotten right their homes and that has cut them such expense of voyaging and live in a remote nation. Never the less, everything great has its negative side, the crisis of the web has accompanied its own ills. A ton of work that was done physically is currently being done through the web (Tomei 73). Understudies need not stroll to homerooms; there are no longer envoys to post or convey composed messages starting with one office then onto the next. The physical movement that was there is no longer in presence and henceforth individuals have gotten apathetic. This isn't sound for the body as individuals wind up creating wellbeing complexities on account of absence of activity. What's more, youngsters have been presented to wellsprings of deceiving data. Erotic entertainment locales are regular destinations that are visited by numerous youngsters and therefore, they wind up learning a ton that can ruin their lives (Green 53). The most serious issue of everything is the way that numerous individuals have gotten dependent with the web. Individuals in KSA burn through most piece of the day web based gazing on the screen and that has incredibly influenced other valuable exercises that used to be completed there previously. There are different reasons that have caused individuals in KSA to get dependent in the web. Having a decent association of web wiring is one extraordinary reason for web habit (Green 55). Without the wiring, individuals would not be in a situation to get to the internet providers. Consequently the way that the administration does a ton in guaranteeing that individuals get associated, expands their odds of being dependent. There is likewise sped up in the utilization of the web, which empowers individuals to get any sort of data or amusement that they may need in an extremely brief timeframe (Kutais 100). In the event that individuals needed to hang tight for a significant stretches before getting to what they need in the web, at that point maybe they would lose intrigue and discover better things to do.Adve rtising Looking for report on brain research? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is not, at this point the time that amusement must be found in the TVs, papers, and magazine. The web has made a progressively proficient wellspring of amusement, which makes a psychological incitement simply like in a TV (Kutais 100). Consistent presentation to the TV has made individuals an excess of dependent on certain projects and hence their psyches are constantly tuned there. This number of individuals has since decreased in light of the fact that individuals have discovered an all the more engaging wellspring of diversion in the web. There is consistently that inclination to get on the web and visit with companions, watch motion pictures, mess around in addition to other things. The most visited destinations in the web are social locales like face book and twitter. Individuals would now be able to become more acquainted with others and cau se companions on the social refers to while others to feel free to get hitched. Great web availability combined with the way that the expense of utilizing the web is exceptionally modest make individuals to spent incalculable hours in the web (Green 56). There have been incalculable instances of individuals ignoring their obligations in any event, starving kids with hunger not on the grounds that there is no food yet basically in light of the fact that they can't get themselves off the damn web. By paying a next to no measure of cash, one can have the option to remain stuck to the screen for an exceptionally significant time-frame. Assume the charges for getting to internet providers could be raised, maybe the quantity of web addicts could decay. The internet providers can be gotten to in the PCs as well as on cell phones. Informal community addicts are on the expansion on the grounds that even without the PC or the digital cafã ©, they can undoubtedly talk with companions through their cell phones (Kutais 103). The quantity of hours individuals spend on rest has hugely declined. An individual may need to rest and even hit the hay however neglect to do it promptly in light of the desire to see different people’s status, to refresh one’s own and such. This has been made more straightforward by the utilization of cell phones. From the solace of one’s own bed all that is done and subsequently numerous individuals no longer take the necessary solid number of long periods of rest. Web dependence has had both positive and negative impacts in KSA. In the realm of Saudi Arabia where Islam is the religion, sex isolation is at an exceptionally high scale. The females are not permitted to cooperate with the other gender from outside their families (Azzam 44). This hole has since been crossed over by the interpersonal organizations; they can convey and befriend individuals willingly from the solace of their homes. Publicizing We will compose a custom report test on Internet Addiction in Modern Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There have been numerous instances of connections finishing because of this. A man may feel desirous when his fiancã ©e continues talking with different individuals from the other gender and the other way around. Once advised to stop it and one neglects to as a result of dependence, major issues follow and ordinarily the relationship turns out to be extremely stressed. What's more, wellbeing confusions have emerged as a result of gazing at the screen for extended periods of time and the inability to carry on exercises that cause the body to work out. Web fixation has prompted an expansion in introverted conduct. The manner in which individuals used to convey in reality has since changed. The every day rehearses that involve relational correspondence are declining as web addicts are presently utilizing smiley countenances and symbols rather than body motions (Azzam 41). There is a decrease in the utilization of outward appearances and other body signals to put across proposed feeling. Thus, individuals have created character issue in which they don't relate to their genuine persona yet rather with their Internet portrayal. Subsequently, the capacity of individuals to keep up a sound public activity has extraordinarily been diminished (Young 7). So as to help the individuals in KSA to manage the issue, restoration is the best thing that can assist them with the best answers for web habit (Young 8). Our gathering is going to make utilize the little reserve funds that we need to begin an organization that will offer restoration administrations to individuals dependent on the web. It is our desire that we will get financing from the legislature and different benefactors since we would like to charge any expense to our customers. I am the general head of the gathering and my job will be to see to the accomplishment of the organization. I will compose everythi ng that must be done, and ensure that everything is organized appropriately. My obligations incorporate searching for the best offices that will empower us complete our main goal adequately. I will likewise proceed to get the best wellsprings of work from individuals who are experienced and ready to function as volunteer. The best proficient issue that many experience when setting up our organization is getting the best human asset (Noble 21). Given that, we don't expect to charge any expense to our customers, we will require a great deal of penance. Promoting Searching for report on brain science? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More We won't be in a situation to pay for any work not except if we get great financing or a contributor. Accordingly, individuals will offer their administrations dependent on aiding yet not procuring every day bread. Therefore, we are expecting that numerous individuals are going to turn our solicitations down never the less we are resolved to make it. To manage the above issue, we plan to spread mindfulness on the significance of offering willful administrations. Notwithstanding that, we are going to demand the administration for certain assets and apply for sponsorship by other capable people or associations. In the event that all works out positively, we are anticipating begin remunerating our HR with some measure of cash toward the finish of every month. The huge issue is that, the administration may turn down our solicitation and we will be unable to get a decent contributor. What's more, it is exceptionally difficult for certain individuals to offer free administrations given tha t they have spent a considerable amount in getting the information that they have. They consider it to be an exercise in futility and their vitality (Noble 148). That can make us not have the option to get the best human asset to add on the one that we as of now have. The other expert issue that we are probably going to confront is to do with the preparation of the considerable number of individuals. Proficient morals necessitate that an individual ought to be well familiar with what the person in question is doing in an organization. Along these lines, we have to prepare our staff completely for them to have the option to offer the best administrations (Noble 4). Getting the necessary faculty to give the correct preparing might be a serious test given that we don't be able to pay so as to get the best. So as to manage the above issue, we have chosen to utilize the web to search for a volunteer who can offer the administration. On the off chance that that is preposterous, we mean to contribute the little that we need to pay f

Stories Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Stories - Assignment Example The Lt. conveyed the blame and fault since he put his fantasy as a significant factor in the story. Pete proposed stories help hose forlornness. He composed of â€Å"interviewing† Mt. Hood. In passage 5 of page 3, Pete cites â€Å"Leaves of Grass† by Walt Whitman to clarify his feeling of stories. Like the Mumford Sons music, verse and other fine arts of narrating give organization and diminish confinement through the comprehension of the normal experience. Pete’s retelling about the mountain helped me to remember â€Å"On a Rainy River†. This account of a physical boundary to opportunity, the stream among Canada and the U.S. disclosed O’Brien’s hesitance to walk out on his own history, his own accounts. Also, since as Pete reminds, stories are forever, when memory is no more. O’Brien would not like to have his story end in despicable weakness, as he proposed draft evading would be. O’Brien’s old neighborhood individuals would not see such a demonstration. Stories disgraced him into remaining in the U.S. what's more, be ing

Health Promotion Paper Example

Health Promotion Paper Example Health Promotion Paper â€" Case Study Example > Promoting healthy eating habits among obese adolescentsCreighton UniversityPromoting healthy eating habits among obese adolescentsObesity is a huge problem and spreading throughout the world (Popkin and Gordon-Larsen, 2004). When defined clinically, obesity is BMI of greater or equal to 95th percentile (Pediatrics, 2007). Obesity is often the term used to refer to anyone who is overweight with a body mass index or BMI that is equal to or greater than 95th percentile (Zidenberg Wright, 2008). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which defines the parameters of BMI, issues the following â€" overweight are those with BMI of =95 percentile, at risk of being overweight with a BMI =85 percentile and =95 percentile (Harrington, 2008). The CDC, in its report, notes that over 60% of young people consume a lot of fat, while only 34% of boys and 33% of girls consume the suggested 5-a-day servings of fruits and vegetables. In fact, obesity has increased by one-third in the United States since 1976 (Willett, 1994), and contrastingly by 100 percent between 1980 to 1994 (Harrington, citing Ludwig, Peterson, and Gort-maker, 2001). Moreover, overweight adolescents were recorded at an alarming 21 to 30 percent (Wilson, August 2007). In a study conducted for 548 different ethnicity in Boston area public school system in a span of 19 months found tremendous link between SSB intake, weight change, and incident of obesity. Ludwig et al found a remarkable associations among these children’s consumption of SSB or sugar-sweetened beverages intake, weight change, and incident of adiposity. As a standard measure, Wilson recommended that prevention and treatment must address this imbalance. As obesity grows relentlessly as a global health epidemic and major social dilemma, numerous and devastating myriad consequences are gradually taking its toll in people’s health and the society. Zidenberg Wright note the marked increase in the rate of bariatric surgery or operatio n to induce weight loss has significantly rose three times than in 2000 and 2003. Likewise, Wilson (cited by Daniels, 2006, 230) predicts that the future generation may never experience longer life expectancy since today’s obese adolescents are at high risk of living less healthy and shorter lives than their predecessors. Thus, there is an issue bigger than the increase in the waistline of Americans. There is the challenge, however, to make intervention programs such as promoting healthy eating habits and nutritional education relevant to its obese adolescent constituents. This paper aims to implement a care management process that approaches the education and promotion of healthy eating to obese adolescents, such as educating adolescents about the benefits of fruits and vegetables, and the required servings each day. Thus, any prevention intervention must address and prioritize overweight children, particularly adolescents, since these segments are key predictors of obesity in a dulthood. The need for evidence-based health care management process is critical in aiding nurses design and implement a strategic care management process. For the purpose of this research, nurses will attempt to recruit adolescents who are already obese. In this case, nurses expect obese adolescents are already aware of their weight issue and may have already attempted several weight loss strategies. Nurses will prepare and deliver the required five of the targeted food combination of fruits and vegetables daily to the participants during the duration of the program. Hence, nurses expect participating obese adolescents to eat friuts and vegetables at least five times a day. Upon the completion of this program, nurses expect participants to have cut their BMI into less than 95 percent.

Health Promotion Paper Example

Health Promotion Paper Example Health Promotion Paper â€" Case Study Example > Promoting healthy eating habits among obese adolescentsCreighton UniversityPromoting healthy eating habits among obese adolescentsObesity is a huge problem and spreading throughout the world (Popkin and Gordon-Larsen, 2004). When defined clinically, obesity is BMI of greater or equal to 95th percentile (Pediatrics, 2007). Obesity is often the term used to refer to anyone who is overweight with a body mass index or BMI that is equal to or greater than 95th percentile (Zidenberg Wright, 2008). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which defines the parameters of BMI, issues the following â€" overweight are those with BMI of =95 percentile, at risk of being overweight with a BMI =85 percentile and =95 percentile (Harrington, 2008). The CDC, in its report, notes that over 60% of young people consume a lot of fat, while only 34% of boys and 33% of girls consume the suggested 5-a-day servings of fruits and vegetables. In fact, obesity has increased by one-third in the United States since 1976 (Willett, 1994), and contrastingly by 100 percent between 1980 to 1994 (Harrington, citing Ludwig, Peterson, and Gort-maker, 2001). Moreover, overweight adolescents were recorded at an alarming 21 to 30 percent (Wilson, August 2007). In a study conducted for 548 different ethnicity in Boston area public school system in a span of 19 months found tremendous link between SSB intake, weight change, and incident of obesity. Ludwig et al found a remarkable associations among these children’s consumption of SSB or sugar-sweetened beverages intake, weight change, and incident of adiposity. As a standard measure, Wilson recommended that prevention and treatment must address this imbalance. As obesity grows relentlessly as a global health epidemic and major social dilemma, numerous and devastating myriad consequences are gradually taking its toll in people’s health and the society. Zidenberg Wright note the marked increase in the rate of bariatric surgery or operatio n to induce weight loss has significantly rose three times than in 2000 and 2003. Likewise, Wilson (cited by Daniels, 2006, 230) predicts that the future generation may never experience longer life expectancy since today’s obese adolescents are at high risk of living less healthy and shorter lives than their predecessors. Thus, there is an issue bigger than the increase in the waistline of Americans. There is the challenge, however, to make intervention programs such as promoting healthy eating habits and nutritional education relevant to its obese adolescent constituents. This paper aims to implement a care management process that approaches the education and promotion of healthy eating to obese adolescents, such as educating adolescents about the benefits of fruits and vegetables, and the required servings each day. Thus, any prevention intervention must address and prioritize overweight children, particularly adolescents, since these segments are key predictors of obesity in a dulthood. The need for evidence-based health care management process is critical in aiding nurses design and implement a strategic care management process. For the purpose of this research, nurses will attempt to recruit adolescents who are already obese. In this case, nurses expect obese adolescents are already aware of their weight issue and may have already attempted several weight loss strategies. Nurses will prepare and deliver the required five of the targeted food combination of fruits and vegetables daily to the participants during the duration of the program. Hence, nurses expect participating obese adolescents to eat friuts and vegetables at least five times a day. Upon the completion of this program, nurses expect participants to have cut their BMI into less than 95 percent.

Class Conflict in The House of the Spirits and Madame Bovary - Literature Essay Samples

German philosopher Friedrich Engels once said â€Å"All history has been a history of class struggles between dominated classes at various stages of social development†. In all societies, each social class has unique characteristics and distinctions, especially in lifestyles and privileges within their respective cultures; however, when differences between social classes become too great, problems begin to arise. Despite the different settings of Allende’s The House of the Spirits and Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, the distinctions between social classes in each novel produce the same problematic results for the characters; the problematic results demonstrate the negative effect of vast distinctions between social classes.Allende depicts the differences between the social classes in The House of the Spirits well through the interaction between the people of Tres Marà ­as. Tres Marà ­as contains two major social classes: the landowning class and the peasant class. Th e landowning class consists of the Trueba family, for Esteban Trueba is the patron of the hacienda, while the peasant class consists of the hacienda’s workers, including the Garcà ­a family. Allende presents the two classes as foils of each other. While Allende portrays the wealth of the landowning class through their fancy clothing, she depicts the peasant class as poor through their filthy rags. Relationship-wise, the landowning class has complete control over the peasant class; the Truebas have control over the happenings in the hacienda and the people who work there. While the peasants toil over the land, all of the rewards go towards the Truebas. The distinctions between the two social classes make them too different to live in harmony, causing major problems for the characters. Because of his title as the patron of Tres Marà ­as, Esteban Trueba finds himself superior to the peasants and expects the rest of his family to feel the same. However, the other family members ’ involvement with the lower social class causes tensions within the family. To get around her father’s prohibition, Blanca hides her relationship with Pedro Tercero. â€Å"Without anyone telling them, they realized that they could not act so freely in front of others†¦ they began to hide when they wanted to play. They stopped walking hand in hand within sight of the adults, and they ignored each other so as not to attract attention† (Allende 147). Once Esteban Trueba discovers Blanca’s secret, he becomes furious with her. Blanca’s brothers Jaime and Nicolas also have interactions with the peasant class. Both feel sympathetic and charitable towards the workers of Tres Marias and other people less fortunate. Their involvement with the peasants causes tension between them and their father because Esteban Trueba does not want them to ruin the family reputation by becoming involved with people below them. Because of the great differences between t he two classes, jealousy arises. Esteban Garcà ­a provides a perfect example; Esteban Garcà ­a envies the Truebas’ luxurious life and believes that if Esteban Trueba realizes and accepts that the Trueba blood flows through his veins as well, he too can live that life. However, Esteban Trueba fails to acknowledge Esteban Garcà ­a as his illegitimate grandson, which results in a growing hatred within Esteban Garcà ­a. This hatred fuels Esteban Garcà ­a’s desire for revenge.In Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, differences between social classes also cause problems for the characters. As a member of the bourgeoisie, protagonist Emma Bovary finds herself bored with the lifestyle of her social class and desires the elegant life of the aristocrats. Emma uses her affairs with Rodolphe and the new, cosmopolitan Leon in order to feel like she belongs in higher society. As the story continues, her desire for acceptance by the aristocrats becomes out of control and her endeavo rs fail to meet her expectations. Ironically, as Emma tries to force her way into a higher class, she ends up falling down a class. â€Å"The men whispered in one corner, probably discussing the expenses. There were a clerk, two medical students, and a shop assistant. What company for her! As for the women, Emma quickly realized from their voices that almost all of them were from the dregs of society. Then she grew frightened, pushed back her chair, and lowered her eyes† (Flaubert 273). Flaubert uses irony to show how Emma realizes that she has failed to live the social lifestyle she originally envisions. The difference and the isolation of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy cause Emma to concoct ideal visions of the lives of the aristocrats, which does not reflect reality. This results in Emma trying to realize her ideal expectations of the upper class, which eventually leads to her death. The House of the Spirits and Madame Bovary incorporate the dangers of the vast differ ences in social class in similar ways. For example, both authors have social class bring about tragedies in their novels’ plots. In The House of the Spirits, Esteban Garcà ­a personifies the struggle involving social class. As a child, Esteban Garcà ­a aspires to become a recognized part of the Trueba family and the landowning class. However, his illegitimate grandfather fails to acknowledge him as part of the family, spurring hate within Esteban Garcà ­a which intensifies as he becomes older. This hate fuels his desire for revenge on the Trueba family, which he releases upon Alba Trueba, who he keeps as a personal prisoner. In Madame Bovary, Emma’s desire to change social classes brings about her ultimate downfall. Desiring to enhance her social class, she buys extravagant gifts for her lovers. Her expenses, however, bring her deeper into debt. Under desperate measures to get herself out of debt, she takes her own life. Also, both Esteban Garcà ­a and Emma Bovary, the characters involved with the social class-caused tragedies, aspire to rise in social classes; in the end Esteban Garcà ­a succeeds while Emma does not. Allende and Flaubert use different distinctions between their cultures’ social classes in order to create the conflict in their respective novels. In The House of the Spirits, Allende describes the peasant class as less classy than the landowning class. In fact, Allende describes them in a negative way. â€Å"They were a sorry lot. He saw various women of indecipherable age, their skin dry and cracked, some apparently pregnant, all of them barefoot and dressed in faded rags† (49). The landowning class, the Trueba family, owns a large estate, has a lot of power over the other class, and benefits from the peasants’ work. In Madame Bovary, Flaubert uses the protagonist’s influence on the reader to characterize the two classes. Emma finds her bourgeoisie life boring and mediocre. The reader perceives the aristocratic class as superior because Emma believes so. Also, the two novels have different settings. Allende’s novel takes place in a Latin American country whereas Flaubert’s novel takes place in France. The novels, which have similar conflicts that revolve around distinctions between social classes, occur in different settings, but still produce the same, tragic result. This proves that issues caused by the differences in social classes can happen in any culture.In their respective novels, Allende and Flaubert demonstrate that the differences between social classes can have negative impacts on the lives of the characters. The great differences cause Emma Bovary and Esteban Garcà ­a to strive to become part of the better class. As a result of their efforts, they cause tragedies within their respective novels’ plots. The novels teach its readers that the increase in differences between social classes can have dire results. They also encourage the readers kee p these results in mind while they look at our own culture in order to make sure that differences in social classes do not have the same or similar negative impacts.

Writing Tool of the Twentieth Century Stream of...

Stream of Consciousness Thoughts, emotions, and motives make up whom a person is. These are the same things that make up the characters in some of the most famous literary works. Stream of consciousness shows the thoughts, feelings, and ideas of a character through the character’s point of view. Stream of consciousness is a writing tool used most notably in the early twentieth century, during the rise of modernism. Another description for stream of consciousness is interior monologue. This interior monologue gives the reader a look into the thoughts that drives the character to their actions. William James explains the term in The Principles of Psychology, stating, â€Å"Consciousness, then, does not appear to itself chopped up in bits. Such†¦show more content†¦Alfred Prufrock†. In â€Å"Prufrock†, Eliot uses a combination of stream of consciousness and imagery to tell the story. The imagery is evident by the amount of descriptive language the speaker uses, while stream of co nsciousness is represented by the story being told entirely through the speaker’s mind. In â€Å"Prufrock†, the thoughts are of Prufrock himself, not of the author, T. S. Eliot. The use of stream of consciousness in â€Å"Prufrock† opens the mind of the character, allowing the thoughts and feelings of the character to be exposed. This exposure makes the character more relatable because it shows the strengths, and more primarily, the insecurities of the character. Prufrock’s insecurities are on full display during the entire poem, and are apparent in the fifth stanza, line 39, as he thinks â€Å"Time to turn back and descend the stair, / With a bald spot in the middle of my hair- / (They will say: ‘How his hair is growing thin!’)† (39-41). The parenthesis indicates a break in his original thought. As he notices the bald spot in his hair, he seems to immediately think to himself what â€Å"they† will say. He adds, â€Å"My mornin g coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin, / My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin- / (They will say: ‘But how his arms and legs are thin!’) (42-44). Again, his thought is broken by a worry. He realizes that his clothes do not fit him as well as they used to, andShow MoreRelatedKatherine Ann Porter Research Paper1968 Words   |  8 Pagesseveral different towns in Texas and Lousiania, and Porter bagan to change, and disassociated from schooling. Porter was raised in Louisiana and educated in many different free schools in Texas, and Louisianan. From early childhood Porter had been writing stories, an activity she described as the passion of her life. ( Unger 5: 433) She attended her first real source of schooling in small Southern convent school, Thomas School for Girls. (Harcourt) She later ran away from the school for a man by theRead MoreModern English Literature3556 Words   |  15 PagesCHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN ENGLISH LITERATURE * Formal/Stylistic characteristics Juxtaposition,  irony, comparisons, and  satire  are important elements found in modernist writing. Modernist authors use  impressionism  and other devices to emphasize the subjectivity of reality, and they see omniscient narration and fixed narrative points of view as providing a false sense of objectivity.  They also employ discontinuous narratives and fragmented plot structures.]Modernist works are also often reflexiveRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Harold Pinter s The Room 9709 Words   |  39 Pagesand all acts of violence in the society such as direct, structural and cultural violence are pathologies or social diseases which are detrimental to public health. Pinter’s plays also highlight the fact that language is the most common and powerful tool of violence or oppression as it not only has the power to control, abuse or terrorize the victims of power play but also has the power to distort or manipulate the truth. For Pinter, the slippery nature of language or speech always causes the realRead MoreThe Distorted Images in Heart of Darkness4513 Words   |  19 Pagesimages in Heart of darkness from the perspective of post-colonialism and Orientalism theory. The present paper is divided into five parts: Part 1 is a brief introduction of the author as well as the main idea of the novella. It also makes a clear the writing purpose of the thesis. Namely, to reveal and study Conrad’s imperialist thought in light of the analysis of the distorted images in the novella. Part 2 shows how Africans and Africa are regarded as â€Å"other†. Part 3 analyzes the distorted image of theRead More The Causes of the Industrial Revolution Essay4968 Words   |  20 Pageswrought by the end of feudalism in Great Britain after the English Civil War in the 17th century. The Enclosure movement and the British Agricultural Revolution made food production more efficient and less labor-intensive, forcing the surplus population who could no longer find employment in agriculture into the cities to seek work in the newly developed factories. The colonial expansion of the 17th century with the accompanying development of international trade, creation of financial markets andRead MoreEssay on Georg L ukacs, quot;the Ideology of Modernismquot;7555 Words   |  31 Pagesliterature in human social and political and economic realities. Realistic fiction shows us the way things really are. There is an interesting irony in this project: realism was the literary movement of nineteenth- century capitalism, and modernism was the literary movement of twentieth-century capitalism. In order to champion realism, Lukacs (and all the other theorists of socialist realism) had to defend an older form of capitalism against a newer -- an awkward position for a Marxist (who must believeRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesenjoyment, sensory-emotional values, perception, and matters of taste and sentiment. †¢ Logic deals with patterns of thinking that lead from true premises to true conclusions, originally developed in Ancient Greece. Beginning in the late 19th century, mathematicians such as Frege focused on a mathematical treatment of logic, and today the subject of logic has two broad divisions: mathematical logic (formal symbolic logic) and what is now called philosophical logic. †¢ Philosophy of mind dealsRead More The Changing Role of the Secondary Educator Essay3856 Words   |  16 PagesThe Changing Role of the Secondary Educator Teaching high school in the late twentieth century is a complex matter. As a secondary English teacher, my classroom is much more than discussions of novels, plays, poems, and the memorization of numerous grammar rules. The high school has become a site of contention: its where students make decisions that create their futures. The educational system/community expects secondary teachers to find a happy medium between the order and disorder found inRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesE SSAYS ON TWENTIETH-C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and CultureRead MoreEnergy Healing Essay examples10168 Words   |  41 Pagesthe world. An excellent summary of ancient and contemporary information on the subject can be found in Michael Murphys landmark book The Future of the Body: Explorations Into the Further Evolution of Human Nature. In the closing years of the Twentieth Century, the intimate connection between body and mind is widely acknowledged. Once the domain of speculation by mystics and philosophers, this realm has in recent decades been visited and revisited by scientists, who have produced an impressive array

Is Racism in the Heart by Tommie Shelby Essay - 1343 Words

Racism is not a factor of the heart, according to Tommie Shelby in â€Å"Is Racism in the ‘Heart’?† He writes â€Å"the ‘heart’ does not have to be involved in order for an action or institution to be racist† (483). Instead, Shelby argues that racism is based on the effect of a person’s actions on deepening racist institutions or promulgating the oppression of a particular group of people based on their race. The individual intention of a person or the â€Å"purity† or his or her heart does not take precedence over the effect of his or her actions. Shelby’s argument is constructed as follows: Individual beliefs can be true or false but not inherently immoral. Therefore, it is not appropriate to morally condemn someone for holding a particular belief.†¦show more content†¦For Shelby, it seems as though Garcia contends an individual’s â€Å"attitudes† not his or her â€Å"beliefs† are what make t he individual racist (479). Still, Shelby maintains that â€Å"beliefs are essential to and even sufficient for racism† (480). Basically, Shelby argues that in order to determine whether a person is racist or not, the reasons for one’s dislike of another must be evaluated. Shelby gives the hypothetical case of Stephen (white) disliking Andre (black) because Andre was having an affair with Stephen’s wife. In this example, Shelby illustrates that Stephen’s derives his dislike of Andre from Andre’s behavior not his race (480). Thus, Shelby raises the question of what racism actually signifies. Rather than disliking someone simply on the basis of skin color, Shelby suggests that is has a â€Å"deeper meaning† (480). Shelby’s strongest counterpoint to Garcia is in his example of the woman who â€Å"has no ill will toward blacks but learned as a child to believe that they are ‘naturally’ disposed† to particular antisocial behaviors, and now as â€Å"an adult, she uncritically continues to hold on to this belief.† Based on Garcia’s logic, this woman would not be considered a racist because her â€Å"beliefs are not rooted in racist motives.† For Shelby, however, the quality or intention of a person’s ‘pure heart’ is not enough to exempt him or her from blameworthiness. Shelby adds, â€Å"If racism must always be morally wrong, and racism is primarily a matter of having certainShow MoreRelatedThe Heart Of Racism, And Tommie Shelby Paper1177 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is racism? The Merriam-Webster’s dictionary defines racism as â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race†. Is it actions or beliefs that make someone or something fundamentally racist? These are the main ideas behind J.L.A Garcia’s paper â€Å"The Heart of Racism† and Tommie Shelby paper â€Å"Is Racism in the Heart?† Exposition of the opposed position: According to Garcia racism is definedRead MoreRacism Is An Umbrella Term And Indicates Separation1689 Words   |  7 PagesRacism is an umbrella term and indicates separation in view of race, as well as society, ethnicity, and financial force. It is the conviction that one race or culture is in a general sense better than another, paying little mind to anthropological proof despite what might be expected. This difference, the apparent mediocrity of one race over another, is generally utilized as reasonable justification for separation, whether systematized or person. Racism keeps running as a counterpoint to the general

How to Make Biodiesel From Algae

An attractive candidate for full-scale biodiesel production, algae is easy to produce and requires less land than many other plant sources commonly used for making fuels. Also, with a composition containing about half lipid oils, algae appear to be a rich resource as a biofuel feedstock. How to Extract Oil From Algae Not surprisingly, there are numerous ways to remove the lipids, or oils, from the walls of algae cells. But you may be surprised to learn that none of them are particularly earth-shaking methods. For example, ever hear of an olive press? One of the ways for extracting oil from algae works very much like the technique used in an oil press. This is the simplest and most common method for extracting oil from algae and yields about 75% of the total available oil from the algae plant. Another common method is the hexane solvent method. When combined with the oil press method, this step can yield up to 95% of available oil from algae. It utilizes a two-step process. The first is to utilize the oil press method. Then, instead of stopping there, the leftover algae is mixed with hexane, filtered and cleaned to remove all traces of the chemical in the oil. Used less frequently, the supercritical fluid method can extract up to 100% of available oil from the algae. Carbon dioxide is pressurized and heated to change its composition into both a liquid as well as a gas. It is then mixed with the algae, which turns completely into oil. Though it can yield 100% of available oil, the plentiful supply of algae, plus the additional equipment and work required, make this one of the least popular options. Growing Algae for Biodiesel The methods used for promoting algae growth in a particular way to yield the most oil are more diversified than the extraction processes. Unlike practically universal extraction methods, growing algae for biodiesel varies greatly in the process and method used. It is possible to identify three primary ways to grow algae, and biodiesel manufacturers have worked hard to tweak these processes to customize and perfect the growing process. Open-Pond Growing One of the easiest processes to understand, open-pond growing is also the most natural way to cultivate algae for biodiesel production. As its name implies, algae are grown on open ponds in this method, particularly in very warm and sunny parts of the globe, with the hope of maximizing production. Though this is the simplest form of production, it has serious drawbacks, like comparatively high potential for contamination. To truly maximize algae production this way, water temperature needs to be controlled, which can prove very difficult. This method is also more dependent on weather than others are, which is another impossible to control variable. Vertical Growth Another method for growing algae is a vertical growth or closed-loop production system. This process came about as biofuel companies sought to produce algae faster and more efficiently than they could with pond growth. Vertical growing places algae in clear plastic bags, which are stacked high and covered as protection from the elements. These bags allow exposure to sunlight from multiple directions. The extra light is not trivial, as the clear plastic bag allows enough exposure to increase production rates. Obviously, the greater the algae production, the greater the amount of oil to extract. Plus, unlike the open pond method that exposes algae to contamination, the vertical growth method isolates algae from it. Closed-Tank Bioreactor Plants The third method of extraction biodiesel companies utilize is closed-tank bioreactor plants, a method of growing algae inside that increases already high oil production levels. Indoor plants are built with large, round drums that can grow algae under near-perfect conditions. Algae can be manipulated into growing at maximum levels in these barrels, even to the point of daily harvests. Understandably, this method results in very high outputs of algae and oil for biodiesel. Some companies build closed bioreactor plants near energy plants to recycle extra carbon dioxide than polluting the air. Biodiesel manufacturers continue to hone the closed container and closed-pond processes, with some developing a variation known as fermentation. This technique cultivates algae that eats sugar in closed containers to spur growth. Fermentation is attractive to growers because it provides complete control over the environment. Another advantage is that it doesnt rely on weather or similar climatic conditions to be viable. However, this process has researchers mulling over sustainable methods to obtain enough sugar to maximize algae production.

Gender Roles And Their Impact On Society - 1841 Words

The time we spend in school is a huge part of our lives. Someone could spend anywhere from 13 years to 20+ years in elementary, middle, high, and higher education. Since school is started at such a young age, people are shaped by their teachers and peers in how they act towards another and think about each other. Our teachers, although they don’t mean to, say things that can influence how we think about people or things. With children being so influenced by what the people around them think and do, its important for those things to be good. Early in life, children develop gender identities, and in our culture there are stereotypes that children pick up on because its seen as the â€Å"norm†. Males are supposed to be independent and competitive while females are more passive and supportive. Teachers can often impose these stereotypes onto their students, meaning no harm, but in the long run these gender roles can impact their future. Kohlberg was one of the first educational theorists to address gender as a learned, cognitive concept. Kohlberg has six stages to his theory, none of which can be skipped. The stage that most applies here is stage three, Interpersonal accord and conforminty. This is the stage where social norms become prevalent to children and they begin to adopt the boy/girl attitude. His thinking was influenced by Piaget, another educational theorist, who portrayed children as active learners who use interactions with their environment to construct anShow MoreRelatedGender Roles And Its Impact On Society1987 Words   |  8 PagesGender role ideals are deeply implanted in our personas and the consequences of not adhering to them becomes clear early on, however, many are not aware of the profound negative impact that gender ideals and the pressures accompanied with them can have on individuals. The shaping of gender roles begin at the start of everyone’s lives and continue to form and impact individuals throughout the entirety of it. Not only are parents, and other important authoritative figures responsible for the formingRead MoreGender Roles And Its Impact On Society2579 Words   |  11 Pagesof history, gender roles have been strictly defined and have been prominent in many individual societies. Gender can affect every aspect of our life, ranging from simple ideals such as the way we dress, and social interactions with one another, as opposed to more complex ones such as how we view each other in the workplace, and how rules and restrictions are implemented in accordance to gender and gender roles in society. Gender roles are necessary in society in order to keep society functioningRead MoreGender Roles Have A Negative Impact On Society1135 Words   |  5 Pages Gender roles have a negative impact on our society. Attitudes come from a personal point of view and affect how we view other people. Also, our society has attitudes about gender roles, which is something we cannot help but do. Lastly, attitudes are capable of influencing us and our decisions. These points will show you that gender roles are a negative towards people in our society. Attitudes are complex ideas that our minds make about other people. First, an attitude is how we feel about someoneRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Responsibilities1116 Words   |  5 PagesGender roles and gender division in biological perspectives were an issue in global societies. Even in today’s societies depending on the geographical areas around the world, gender roles are socially divided. However other geographic countries completely equal, such as Iceland. Laws such as a third gender option at birth, then decision followed by the child. The third gender option would be judged negatively in some other geographic parts of our globally social societies. What kind of impact doRead MoreThe Gender Biases Of Children1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe gender biases learned in schools are revealed later in the workplace, further revealing the impact it can have. Students’ talents may go unrecognized and undeveloped simply because they were not appropriate for their gender norms created by society. A young boy who likes to dance may not want his male friends to know about his hobby for fear of being bullied. Because dancing is predominantly feminine, the young boy is not fulfilling his masculine role for his friends, therefore trying to hideRead MoreThird Gender1599 Words   |  7 PagesIn society, the biological difference between men and women is used as a justification for aligning them with different social roles which restrict and mold their attitudes and behavior. Merriam-Webster defines gender as the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex. Narrow minded society of today is not satisfied with the natural difference of sex, but each insist on adding a cultural difference of gender to it. The unsophisticated, ideal physical facts alwaysRead MoreHow Women Are Portrayed On Advertising And Th e Second Looks At This Time1104 Words   |  5 Pagesis the topic of how women are portrayed in advertising and the impact this has on women in society. 2. State the claim the study supports The scholarly article I am reviewing is a research article that did two separate examinations on the role of humor in gender stereotypes. The first one is the role of humor seen in television advertisements and the second looks at peoples attitudes toward humorous and non-humorous ads that have gender stereotypes in them and how that would affect a persons desireRead MoreGender Roles Are A Set Of Societal Norms Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Gender roles are a set of societal norms dictating the types of behaviors which are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality† (Oxford). Is it a boy or girl? What sport will he play? When will she take dance lessons? Women shouldn’t have jobs! Men should work while women take care of the house! Women belong in the kitchen! Men don’t do household chores! These are just some examples of stereotypes adopted by society thatRead MoreGender Role s In Modern Society728 Words   |  3 PagesGender is an integral part of social practices of human interaction. It influences on all aspects of a persons life such as self-assertion and self-development, family, work, school, etc. Through the gender lens a person perceives any kind of information and passes it to the surrounding world by using a gender display. The process of gender socialization and the content of gender stereotypes has great importance not only for the life of an individual, but also for the progressive development ofRead MoreHow Gender Role Impacts on Identity Essay930 Words   |  4 Pages When contemplating the topic of gender role and its impact on identity one cannot help but realise that these gender roles have a huge part to play on a person’s identity. As gender is a combination of male and female it gives way for a number of characteristics to accompany each sex making them different from each other. This has an important position to play on identity which Kath Woodward stated in her book â€Å"Questioning Identity: Gender, Class, Nation† where she said â€Å"Without difference there

Operation Magement Free Essays

PROBLEMS 1. Lead time for one of Montegut Manufacturing’s fastest moving products is 4 days. Demand during this period averages 100 units per day. We will write a custom essay sample on Operation Magement or any similar topic only for you Order Now What would be an appropriate re-order point? Re-order point = demand during lead time = 100 units/day * 4 days = 400 units. 2. Montegut Manufacturing produces a product for which the annual demand is 10,000 units. Production averages 100 per day, while demand is 40 per day. Holding costs are $1. 00 per unit per year; set-up costs $200. 00. If they wish to produce this product in economic batches, what size batch should be used? What is the maximum inventory level? How many order cycles are there per year? How much does management of this good in inventory cost the firm each year? This problem requires economic order quantity, noninstantaneous delivery. [pic]or 1826 units. The maximum inventory level is [pic]or 1095 units. There are approximately [pic] cycles per year. Annual inventory management costs total [pic]= $2,190. 89 or $2,191. 3. Central University uses $123,000 of a particular toner cartridge for laser printers in the student computer labs each year. The purchasing director of the university estimates the ordering cost at $45 and thinks that the university can hold this type of inventory at an annual storage cost of 22% of the purchase price. How many months’ supply should the purchasing director order at one time to minimize the total annual cost of purchasing and carrying? First, calculate the EOQ from the data provided. In this problem, the â€Å"units† are dollars, and the â€Å"price† of each is 1. [pic] One month’s usage is 123000/12 = $10,250. EOQ = 7094. Month’s usage = 7094/10250 = 0. 9, or about three week’s usage. (This is supported by the order frequency of 17 per year). 4. The soft goods department of a large department store sells 175 units per month of a certain large bath towel. The unit cost of a towel to the store is $2. 50 and the cost of placing an order has been estimated to be $12. 00. The store uses an inventory carrying charge of 27% per year. Determine the optimal order quantity, order frequency, and the annual cost of inventory management. If, through automation of the purchasing process, the ordering cost can be cut to $4. 0, what will be the new economic order quantity, order frequency, and annual inventory management cost? Explain these results. Annual demand is 175 x 12 = 2100. At S=$12, the EOQ is 273 units, and there are about 8 orders per year. Annual costs of inventory management are $184. 44. These results are detailed in the calculations below. [pic]; [pic] [pic] At S=$4, EOQ falls to 158, and order frequency rises to 13. Annual inventory management costs fall to $106. 48. The lower order cost encourages smaller, more frequent orders. pic]; [pic] [pic] 5. A printing company estimates that it will require 1,000 reams of a certain type of paper in a given period. The cost of carrying one unit in inventory for that period is 50 cents. The company buys the paper from a wholesaler in the same town, sending its own truck to pick up the orders at a fixed cost of $20. 00 per trip. Treating this cost as the order cost, what is the optimum number of reams to buy at one time? How many times should lots of this size be bought during this period? What is the minimum cost of maintaining inventory on this item for the period? Of this total cost, how much is carrying cost and how much is ordering cost? This is an EOQ problem, even though the time period is not a year. All that is required is that the demand value and the carrying cost share the same time reference. This will require approximately 3. 5 orders per period. Setup costs and carrying costs are each $70. 71, and the annual total is $141. 42. [pic]; [pic] Carrying cost =[pic]; setup cost = [pic] How to cite Operation Magement, Essay examples

Domestic Violence and the Immgrant Experience free essay sample

This paper will be focusing on domestic violence and Immigrant families affected by abuse. The definition of domestic violence will be provided along with domestic violence laws, tips for agencies working with Immigrant Families, a vignette of a immigrant family who experienced domestic violence, and with my recommendations on how to properly services Latino families. What is domestic violence? Domestic violence come in many forms of abuse. Domestic violence can occur among family member like brother and sisters, husband and wife, lesbians, gays and transgenders. The definition of domestic violence has a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. Domestic violence in immigrant families consist of emotional, economic, sexual abuse, using children, threats, using citizenship or residence privilege, intimidation, and isolation. In these cycle the immigrant woman fears of being deported. The Power and Control Tactics Used Against Immigrant Women focuses on some of the many ways battered immigrant woman can be abused. Sexual Abuse: Can be calling her a prostitute or a mail order bride. Making accusations of her trying to attract other men when she puts on make-up to go to work. Accuse the woman of sleeping with other men. Making allegations that she has a history of prostitution on legal paper. Batterer tells his bride that â€Å"as a matter of law† in the United States that she must continue to have sex with him whenever he wants wants until they are divorced. Coercing or attempting to coerce any sexual contact or behavior without consent. Sexual abuse includes, but is certainly not limited to, marital rape, attacks on sexual parts of the body, forcing sex after physical violence has occurred, or treating one in a sexually demeaning manner. Emotional Abuse: Lying about her immigration status. Telling her families. Calling her racist names. Belittling and embarrassing her in front of her family and friends. Causing her to lose face. Telling her that she has abandoned her culture and become â€Å"white,† or â€Å"American. Preventing her from visiting sick or dying relatives. Lying about his ability to have the immigration status of his law permanent resident abuse victims changed. Economic Abuse: Forcing her to work â€Å"illegally† when she does not a work permit. Threatening to report her to the INS if she works â€Å"under the table. † Not letting her get a job training or schooling. Taking the money her family back at home were depending upon her to send. Forcing her to sign papers in English that she does not understand – court papers, IRS forms, immigration papers. Harassing her at the only job she can work at legally in the U. S. , so that she loses that job and is forced to work â€Å"illegally. † Intimation: Hiding or destroying important papers ( i. e. her passport, her childrens passport, ID cards, health care cards, etc. ) Destroying the only property that she brought with her from her country. Destroying photographs of her family members. Threatening persons who serve as a source of support to her. Threatening to do or say something that will shame her family or cause them to lose face. Threatening to divulge family secrets. Isolation: Isolating her from her friends or family members. Isolating her from persons who speak her language. Not allowing her to learn English or not allowing her to communicate in a language she is fluent in. Being the only person through whom she can communicate in English. Reading her mail and not allowing her to use the telephone. Strictly timing all her grocery trips and travel time. Not allowing her to continue to meet with her social workers and other support persons. Cutting off her subscription to or destroying newspaper and other support magazines. Not allowing her to meet with people who speak her language or who are from her community, culture, or country. Minimizing, Denying, Blaming: Convincing her that his violent actions are not criminal unless they occur in public. Telling her that he is allowed to physically punish her because he is the â€Å"man. † Blaming her for the break up of the family, if she leaves him because of the violence. Telling her that she is responsible for the violence because she did not do as he wished. (www. futureswithoutviolence. org/content/features/details/778/) Domestic Violence and Immigrant Women Immigrant women face many barriers such as economic and social barriers Many immigrant women, unlike citizens, often do not work legally in this country but they face deportation by their abuser. Many times the immigrant abusers usually use immigration-related threats to assert power and control over their spouse or intimate partner. If the abuser is a U. S. citizen or a permanent resident he/she would use immigration – related threats to have power and control over their spouse or initimate partner. Many time when the batterer is a U. S. citizen or has a permanent resident, he/she typically uses this power to threaten to have the victim deported by reporting her/his undocumented status to the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), threatens to revoke residency sponsorship, or refuses to file necessary immigration petitions that would provide the victim with lawful status in the U. S. According to, Dutton, Orloff and Aguilar Hassel (2000) found that 72. % of the battered Latina surveyed in their study reported that their spouses never filed immigration petitions for their wives even though 50. 8% of the victims qualified to have petitions filed on their behalf. In addition, those abusers who did eventually file petitions for their spouses took almost four years to do so. Fear of deportation is a very powerful tool used by abusers to prevent battered immigrant women from seeking help and to keep them in violent relationships. † Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA ), Pub. L. No. 103-322, Title IV, 108 Stat. 902 (1994). The Experiences of Immigrant Women It is not easy for men and women to migrate from developing countries it is more often difficult and traumatic experience, which many times involve leaving behind familial support and moving a long distance to unknown country. When immigrant men and women move to an unfamiliar places they face at times prejudices and discrimination. Further, many times women who are abuse by their partners or spouse are not defined as a crime in many communities from which migrants have come (The British Council, 1999). Despite their diversity, immigrant communities have one thing in common with each other and with the U. S. societies: the patriarchal social order supporting violence against women. This social order often silences victims, tolerates and minimizes the violence and provides protection to perpetrators (Erez, 2000). While immigrants to the United States arrive from across the globe, this document will primarily focus on Asian and Pacific Islander as well as Latina immigrants. British Council (1999). Violence against women. Manchester, U. K. : Author. For about 6 years I worked in a Domestic Violence Shelter that provided a Safe Haven for women and children who have been affected by domestic violence. Working with Immigrant Women from Mexico, Africa, Dominican Republic or China was very challenging. Many of these women from outside the United States feared being deported because of their immigrants status. The women would open up to me and report their batterers (spouse/partner)have made threats to go to the Immigration and Nationalization Service (INS). As an advocate for these women my job was to provide support and get them connected to free legal immigration services. These women needed to be provided legal resources so they can be informed of their rights as immigrant women effected by spousal abuse. There were times when I had to assist these women in making sure the services they were provided was in the Native Language. Being Latina working as a social service provider I needed to be culturally aware of how the services needed to be delivered to a client who understood very little to no English. I wanted to make sure being bilingual I was able to convey every message delivered to the understanding of my Spanish speaking client. As a domestic violence counselor delivering domestic violence services I needed to educate my self with the population of immigrant women who was self referred or referred by other agencies. At times I had Asian woman hiding from their husband and their family because there husbands was very abusive to them and their children. I had several African women who escaped from their powerful husbands who had diplomatic ties to our country who did not even want to provide any information about herself due to fear that their husband would find them and kill them. It was a very challenging job because there werent to any resources I could have used to provide services to women of immigration status. Domestic Violence Vignette: The following is a vignette about a Mexican woman who was referred to a domestic violence shelter because of reports of violence. Maria is a 35 year old female who was born in Mexico. She was raised by her mother and father in a very poor city in Mexico. At a very early age Maria reports she was exposed to domestic violence. She witness her mother being abused by her father and believed the behavior was a norm. When Maria migrated to the United States she met her husband and had two children. Maria self reported she has been working illegally. She stopped working after she got married because her husband was the provider in the relationship and he let it be known many times during their relationship. She reports as soon as she met her husband she became pregnant and married they got married. Marias husband is a U. S. citizen who was born in New York and parents are from Mexico. Maria reports her husband has made threats to take her children away from her and take all rights from her if she doesnt obey him. Maria tried to be a good wife but he was never happy and his abuse just started getting worst. Marias immigration attorney informed Maria if she does not get herself and her children into a Safe Haven the probability of her losing her children will be high. She informed Maria that it was reported at the children school that they have seen her husband be abusive towards her in front of the children. On one occasion Maria went to pick up her children and her husband was there before she was an he confronted Maria and slapped her because he felt she was late. A parent who witness the incident went to the principle and informed the principle what she had witness. The principle called police without Maria knowing and when police arrived they witness Marias husband being very to be abusive and police arrived and saw her husband being verbally abusive in front of other parents. Soon after her husband was arrested. Maria was informed by a woman police officer that is was best for her to leave her home and go into a Safe Haven before her husband was released in a few days. Maria was scared but listened to the police officer who was a woman and spoke Spanish. When Maria came to the shelter she felt very upset, a shame, guilty, and didnt know what to tell her children. Maria informed the therapist she has stepped out of line and this was the reason why her husband would become abusive towards her. She did not recognize that her husband was the one who needed help and she was the victim. With the help of the therapist Maria will be able to identify that she was not at fault for her husband being abusive and that the cycle of violence will continue if she stay in the. The therapist her role is to help Maria identify her unhealthy relationship, her acculturation difficulties, and her ethnic identification. The therapist best tool to identify her family history is by using a cultural sonogram Since Maria points out her family is an important source of support, she reported leaving her mother and father in Mexico. She said coming to the U. S. was not easy and adjusting to a different way of living was difficult because she did not know anyone when she arrived from Mexico. Maria pointed out that in her culture she is to obey her husband, cook, clean, follow the Catholic culture of not getting divorce and work when there is a problem with the marriage. She said her reason for coming to the U. S. was to get an education, get a good job and send money to her family in Mexico. â€Å" A cultural sonogram can help clients identify and understand the immigration history, family structure, and alliances in the extended family. The use of the sonogram can also help counselors assess the level of acculturation of Mexican clients and their religious and ethic identification. † www. agepub. com/counselingstudy/11/vignettes. htm Immigrant Law: When it comes to doemstic violence and the immgrant woman there are few laws that protect them but sometimes these woman are not familiar of the law due to language barrier. In the early 1990 there was a big recognition of devasting immgration impact law and procedure had on immigrant victim of domestic violence. Accor ding to the legislation that recognized domestic violence as a problem experienced by immigrant dependent on their abusive citizen and lawful permanent resident spouses for legal immgration status was the battered spouse waiver.

”Life of Pi” Story Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"Life of Pi† is about this male child called Pi. who is the boy of a zookeeper in India. He grew up in a menagerie and was highly happy at place larning all about the animate beings that lived around him. This male child. who is a Hindu. found himself attracted to Islam and Christianity every bit good. so he practiced 3 faiths at the same clip. When Pi’s father decided to go forth India. Pi’s household. along with some animate beings from the menagerie. boarded a lading ship edge for Canada. Unfortunately. the ship sank. Pi was the lone human subsister on a lifeboat. and his lone comrades were a zebra with a broken leg. a hyaena. an Pongo pygmaeus and a tiger called Richard Parker. The sixteen-year-old male child watched as the animate beings fought each other for survival and of class. merely he and the tiger were left. We will write a custom essay sample on †Life of Pi† Story Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The 227 yearss spent at sea entirely with the tiger tested Pi’s physical art. rational bravery and religious doggedness. Finally. both Pi and the tiger landed in Mexico and survived. At the beginning of the book. Pi claims that this narrative is one that will â€Å"make you believe in God† . Well. this book doesn’t precisely do me believe in God. but it’s the other subjects and the concluding stoping that makes this book so alone and spectacularly done. The stoping of the narrative reveals another narrative. and intimations to the audience that the full 250+ pages of escapade before that was merely a figment of Pi’s imaginativeness. and that the existent narrative was something even darker and more tragic. When Pi was interviewed for his amazing experience. the interviewers did non believe his narrative. Thus. Pi recounted another version. In this narrative. the four residents of the lifeboat are Pi. his female parent. a cook and a crewman. The crewman had broken his leg jumping into the lifeboat. and the cook cuts the leg off and attempts to utilize it as come-on for fish. The crewman dies and the cook eats him. Pi and his female parent. both horrified. seek to halt him. The cook kills Pi’s female parent and shortly after. Pi fights the cook and kills him. He eats the cook and survived. There were numerical analogues drawn between the narrative with the animate beings and the narrative without. The zebra represents the crewman and the hyaena embodies all the revolting qualities of the cook. The orang-utan represents Pi’s ain female parent. And the tiger is Pi himself. barbarous. inactive. alert. greedy. independent. and wild. Both versions of the story—with and without animals—are feasible. and Pi neer tells us which narrative is true. This unfastened stoping is what makes this narrative truly attractive – how it is possible that worlds alter and embroider the truth to do it more acceptable. Personally. I believe the version of the narrative without animate beings is really the truth because Pi seemed to suggest in the last few chapters that he made up the full narrative to get by with the shocking world. and merely storytelling has the power to draw him up from the deepnesss of desperation and deliverance him from the traumatizing experience. This book might look like an ordinary escapade narrative with juicy descriptions and really piquant inside informations but what makes this narrative is the concealed subject at the terminal of the narrative. about how the human capacity for imaginativeness and innovation is a mechanism for self-preservation. The narrative of the tiger is far-fetched. but prosecuting and even pleasant. The other version. on the other manus. is highly disconcerting and tragic. It reveals our innate carnal nature and our baser inherent aptitude to kill in order to last. something that we worlds do non like to acknowledge about ourselves. Life of Pi is decidedly an first-class read and I recommend all of you to pick this book up to happen out for yourself which is the â€Å"better story† .

Villanova Essay Samples

Villanova Essay SamplesVillanova University is known for its programs of study and the most renowned among them is its PhD program. This prestigious degree is often regarded as one of the best in the country because it offers a variety of options to those seeking to pursue academic excellence. The program has helped scores of people gain entrance into prestigious jobs such as those of judges, professors, attorneys, politicians, priests, etc.The common degree program at Villanova is the Masters of Science in Education. This degree prepares students for an entry-level position in education and teaching related to a specific subject. Students may take up advanced coursework such as teaching or adult education courses to master higher level subjects. They may also want to become an educator and help teach subjects like science and literature.Scholarship for women is available to graduate and undergraduate students. This program allows you to earn your degree while working on a scholarshi p. The program will also prepare you for a rewarding career in education.If you have interest in economics, you can also consider the job market for employment opportunities. There are several professions related to this field such as accounting, consulting, etc. In fact, employment in this field has been increasing recently. Villanova has several departments related to the field of economics.Pharmacy is also an important field of study at Villanova. The subject covers subjects such as chemical composition, pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, toxicology, microbiology, physiology, and biology. These will give you a good chance of finding a rewarding job in the future.The topics related to the humanities are also explored in Villanova essay samples. Some of the subjects covered by this department include, anthropology, biochemistry, Latin American studies, classics, communications, social studies, and speech and debate.After completing Villanova essay samples, you may feel motivated to embark on further studies. In fact, many PhD candidates enter jobs as teachers or in academic administration after their graduation. Whether you plan to pursue a career in education or in other careers, you should never stop learning. The more you learn, the better you will be prepared to tackle any situation.

Employee Training Programs

Success in any organisation depends on its ability to manage and utilise its workforce. To achieve this, organisations need to train their employees regularly. In this regard, this paper analyses several articles related to employee training programs.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Employee Training Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through this article, the author analyses training and the development processes of various organisations (Peretz 2011, p. 2). The author argues that by investing in employee training programs, firms can gain competitive advantages. To affirm on the importance of employee training, the author states that many international companies spend a large amount of their resources on training their employees. By analysing several researches, the author reveals that culture does influence firm’s investment in training. The article confirms that the connection between higher un certainty avoidance and investment in employee training is stronger in large companies than in smaller companies. In addition, the author reveals that large and high-tech firms tend to invest more in training to increase on productivity and maximise on profits. The author notes that it is disappointing for most firms to train their executives using enormous resources and later lose them to competitor firms. To deal with the executive’s departure, firms should come up with appropriate agreements. Through these agreements, the law will mandate executives to work for their sponsor companies reducing cases of executive departure. This article majors on employee training as a career-building approach and a means of promoting effectiveness in Saudi Arabian SMEs (Shiryan 2012, p.1). The article outlines employees’ engagements with organisations in the country. Using a conceptual framework, the article investigates the proportions of management training and development in Saud i Arabia. In the article, the author employs hierarchical regression analysis to indicate the relationship among variables. Similarly, the nature of employees’ training is measured using Meyer’s method. On the other hand, the article measures the management motivation using the Tai’s methods. From the results collected in the research, the author notes that 38% percent of those interviewed were natives while 62% were foreigners. Similarly, the article indicates that many workers in Saudi Arabia have not had proper training for more than five years. Through this analysis, the author concludes that employee training in Saudi Arabia is a challenge to the growth of its SMEs. For instance, he asserts that many domestic firms in Saudi Arabia have managers with little management training background. To improve on the situation, managers in such firms need regular training.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get you r first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This article analyses a literature review article on the efficacy of employee training programs from varied perspective (Vijayabanus 2012, p.2). Through the article, the author suggests that employees are vital assets to any organisation. In this regard, the author argues that for organisations to increase on their ability to cope with the current challenges, the organisations have to concentrate on enhancing their workforce’s abilities, wisdoms, and skills. Through the article, the author suggests that the pre-training process is essential for every training program. According to the author, the process consists of training need identification, selection of appropriate applicants, and proper application of training techniques. For effective pre-training process, the author insists that trainees should be motivated through behavioural modifications. As such, during the training sessions, the trainers should identify the most suit able programs for their trainees. Lastly, the author illustrates how several organisations have sharpened their capabilities in various functions through organisational development programs. In general, the author’s push for the adoption of modern pre-training arrangement process is illustrated through the article. This article seeks to explain the transfer of trained knowledge, skills, and attitudes in relation to a particular environment (Grossman Salas 2011, p.2). The article reveals that the acts of training workforce are major concerns to most firms. Through the article, the author affirms that many organisations are increasingly investing in employee training programs to produce powerful and efficient workforce. In this aspect, the author affirms that training should focus on developing key competencies for job performance.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Employee Training Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite heavy investment in training, the article reveals that some organisations have failed to utilize their acquired skills and knowledge. The author attributes these limitations to failures to maintain the trained knowledge and skills. Through research, the article illustrates how training outputs and conditions of transfer hinder the transfer of training. In general, the article suggests that individuals with high cognitive ability are better equipped to process and retain competencies provided during training. This article focuses on the job training for low-paid workers in Canada (Zeytinoglu 2008, p.1). Through this analysis, the author analyses workplace conditions and individual factors with respect to job training. For comprehensive evaluation, the author uses data from Statistics Canada’s Workplace and Employee Survey in his analysis. Through the article, it is depicted that low paid workers are employees working under regular contracts, or full- time workers working for less than $10 per hour. The article suggests that wage disparities among the Canadian workforce has widened despite a 22% increase in GDP per employee in the 1989 and 2004. Using the human capital theories, the author details the situation of employee training and labour economics in Canada. In accordance with the theories, the author argues that investments in human capital occur via training environment. Through this, the author suggests that paying the trainees during the training period motivates them to acquire more skills needed in the workforce. In the article, the author affirms that 14% of regular full- time Canadian workers are underpaid while 86% are overpaid. Similarly, the article verifies that most of the underpaid workers in Canada have little or no training background. Reference List Grossman, R., Salas, E. 2011. ‘The transfer of training: what really matters’, International Journal of Training and Development, vol. 2 no. 15, pp .1-19.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Peretz, H. 2011. ‘The role of societal cultural practices in organizational investment in training: A comparative study in 21 countries’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 5 no. 52, pp. 817–831. Shiryan, S. 2012. ‘Employee Training Effectiveness in Saudi Arabian SME Performance’, International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol.3 no.14, pp.1-8. Vijayabanus, C. 2012. ‘A Study on Efficacy of Employee Training: Review Of Literature’, Journal of Business Theory and Practice, vol.3 no.13, pp. 275-282. Zeytinoglu, I. 2008. ‘Low-Paid Workers and On-the-Job Training in Canada’, Journal of Economic Studies, vol.1 no 63, pp.1-26. This article on Employee Training Programs was written and submitted by user Zeke Beasley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.